@article {548196,
	title = {Bone modeling during growth: dynamic strain equilibrium in the chick tibiotarsus},
	journal = {Calcif Tissue IntCalcif Tissue IntCalcif Tissue Int},
	volume = {39},
	number = {6},
	year = {1986},
	note = {Biewener, A ASwartz, S MBertram, J EengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, P.H.S.GERMANY, WEST1986/12/01Calcif Tissue Int. 1986 Dec;39(6):390-5.},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {390-5},
	abstract = {Bone loading was quantified, using in vivo strain recordings, in the tibiotarsus of growing chicks at 4, 8, 12, and 17 weeks of age. The animals were exercised on a treadmill at 35\% of their maximum running speed for 15 minutes/day. In vivo bone strains were recorded at six sites on the tibiotarsus. Percentages of the bone{\textquoteright}s length and a percentage of top running speed were used to define functionally equivalent sites on the bone, and a consistent exercise level over the period of growth was studied. The pattern of bone strain defined in terms of strain magnitude, sign, and orientation remained unchanged from 4-17 weeks of age, a period when bone mass and length increased 10-fold and threefold, respectively. Our findings support the hypothesis that bones model (and remodel) during growth to achieve and maintain a similar distribution of dynamic strains at functionally equivalent sites. Because strain magnitude and sign (tensile versus compressive) differed among recording sites, these data also suggest that cellular responses to strain-mediated stimuli differ from site to site within a bone.},
	keywords = {*Bone Development, Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Chickens/growth \& development, Physical Exertion, Stress, Mechanical, Tarsus, Animal/growth \& development, Tibia/growth \& development},
	isbn = {0171-967X (Print)0171-967X (Linking)},
	author = {Biewener, A. A. and Swartz, S. M. and Bertram, J. E.}
}
